It is a procedure performed to take living tissues and examine them under a microscope. During this procedure, a small piece or sample is taken from the body and then this sample is examined under a microscope. A biopsy plays an important role in diagnosing abnormal tissues in the body and diagnosing diseases such as cancer. Biopsy can be performed with various techniques such as needle biopsy, surgical biopsy, or endoscopic biopsy. The biopsy should be performed by a specialist physician and should be followed carefully because of the risk of complications.
What are the types of biopsy?
Biopsy is a procedure that can be done with many different techniques. Types of biopsy include:
Needle biopsy: It is the most commonly used biopsy technique. Needle biopsy is usually done to remove cells or fluid from a tumor. This is usually done with an ultrasound, MRI or CT scan.
Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB): Cell samples are taken using a fine needle. This method is used for biopsy of soft tissues such as lymph nodes, thyroid, breasts.
Open biopsy: It is the removal of a piece of tissue during surgery. This method is often used for biopsy of large tissues or organs.
Endoscopic biopsy: A method used to biopsy tissues inside the body, such as the gastrointestinal tract, lungs, or urinary tract. During endoscopic biopsy, an endoscope is used and sampling is performed using special instruments at the end of the endoscope.
Dermatological biopsy: It is a method used in the diagnosis of skin diseases. This method is used for a dermatologist to examine the skin for abnormal appearances and to take a piece and examine it under a microscope.
Muscle biopsy: It is a method used for the diagnosis of muscle diseases. During this method, a piece of muscle tissue is taken and examined under a microscope.
Bone marrow biopsy: A sample is taken from the bone marrow and used in the diagnosis of diseases such as blood cancer, lymphoma, leukemia.
The biopsy procedure is usually performed under local anesthesia and the results are obtained within a few days.
Are there risks to the biopsy procedure?
As with any medical procedure, the biopsy procedure can have some risks and potential side effects. However, these side effects are rare and the procedure is generally safe.
The biopsy procedure is usually performed under local anesthesia and does not cause any discomfort other than mild pain or discomfort. However, some people may experience the following side effects:
Bleeding: Bleeding may occur after biopsy. However, the bleeding is usually mild and stops soon.
Infection: There is a risk of infection after biopsy. However, this risk is minimized by using sterilization and infection control methods.
Damage: Rarely, damage to surrounding tissues may occur during the biopsy procedure. However, this risk depends on the experience and skill of the doctor.
Allergic reactions: In rare cases, allergic reactions to the anesthesia or other drugs used during the biopsy may occur.
Psychological effects: The biopsy procedure may cause stress or anxiety in some people.
The biopsy procedure is generally safe and the potential risks are minimal. However, in case of any problems, it is recommended that you contact your doctor or healthcare professional.
